PNG to PNG is useful when the format is already correct but the file is not. Re-encoding can remove wasteful export settings, rebuild the compressed image stream and produce a clean standards-compliant copy. Lossless mode keeps the decoded pixels and alpha channel unchanged.
For a larger reduction, Light, Balanced and Strong modes reduce the colour palette while retaining PNG transparency. Use those modes for screenshots, interface graphics, diagrams and logos; inspect gradients carefully before replacing a source file.
What actually changes in PNG to PNG conversion?
The container and filename extension stay PNG. The encoder rewrites the image data using a fresh compression pass. Lossless mode changes the packaging rather than the visible pixels; palette modes can merge similar colours to save substantially more space.
Transparency stays in PNG
Unlike conversion to JPEG, PNG-to-PNG processing can retain the alpha channel. Always check soft shadows, hair, antialiased edges and partly transparent overlays on both light and dark backgrounds when using palette reduction.